Browse Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic medical condition characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood. It occurs when the body is unable to produce enough insulin or effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose enter the cells to be used for energy. Without proper management, diabetes can lead to serious health complications, including heart disease, kidney failure, and nerve damage. Our pharmacy offers a range of medications to help manage diabetes effectively.

Causes of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus is primarily classified into two main types: Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, each with distinct causes.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The exact cause of this immune response is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors, such as viral infections.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is more common and is primarily caused by insulin resistance, where the body’s cells do not respond effectively to insulin. Over time, the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Factors contributing to Type 2 diabetes include obesity, physical inactivity, poor diet, and genetic predisposition.

Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus

The symptoms of diabetes can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:

• Increased Thirst and Urination: Excess glucose in the blood leads to increased urination, which can cause dehydration and increased thirst.
• Fatigue: Lack of insulin or insulin resistance prevents glucose from entering the cells, leading to fatigue and weakness.
• Blurred Vision: High blood sugar levels can cause swelling in the lens of the eye, leading to blurred vision.
• Unexplained Weight Loss: In Type 1 diabetes, the body may start breaking down muscle and fat for energy due to lack of insulin.
• Slow Healing of Wounds: High glucose levels can impair blood circulation and affect the body’s ability to heal wounds.

Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Managing diabetes involves a combination of lifestyle changes, monitoring blood glucose levels, and medication. Our pharmacy provides various medications to help control blood sugar levels effectively.

Medications

For Type 1 diabetes, insulin therapy is essential. For Type 2 diabetes, oral medications and sometimes insulin are used. Some of the medications available include:

• Repaglinide: This medication helps stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin, particularly after meals.

Lifestyle Changes

Adopting a healthy lifestyle is crucial in managing diabetes. This includes:

• Healthy Eating: A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help manage blood sugar levels.
• Regular Exercise: Physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and lowers blood sugar levels.
• Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes.

Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus

While Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented, Type 2 diabetes can often be prevented or delayed through lifestyle changes. Key preventive measures include:

• Regular Physical Activity: Engaging in at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week can help prevent Type 2 diabetes.
• Healthy Diet: Consuming a diet low in refined sugars and saturated fats can reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
• Weight Management: Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight is crucial in preventing Type 2 diabetes.
• Regular Monitoring: Regular check-ups and monitoring of blood glucose levels can help detect prediabetes and prevent its progression to diabetes.

In conclusion, Diabetes Mellitus is a manageable condition with the right combination of medication, lifestyle changes, and regular monitoring. Our pharmacy is committed to providing the necessary medications and support to help you manage your diabetes effectively.