Browse Sitosterolemia

Sitosterolemia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the body’s inability to properly metabolize certain plant-based sterols, such as sitosterol, leading to their accumulation in the blood and tissues. This condition can result in various health complications, including premature atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls. Understanding sitosterolemia is crucial for managing its symptoms and preventing potential complications.

Causes of Sitosterolemia

Sitosterolemia is caused by mutations in the ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes. These genes are responsible for producing proteins that help regulate the absorption and excretion of plant sterols and cholesterol in the body. When these genes are mutated, the proteins they produce are either dysfunctional or absent, leading to an excessive accumulation of plant sterols in the bloodstream. This genetic disorder is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent, to develop the condition.

Symptoms of Sitosterolemia

The symptoms of sitosterolemia can vary widely among individuals, but common signs include:

• Hypercholesterolemia: Elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood, which can lead to the development of atherosclerosis at an early age.
• Xantomas: These are fatty deposits that can form under the skin, often appearing as yellowish bumps, particularly on the elbows, knees, buttocks, and tendons.
• Arthralgia: Joint pain that can occur due to the accumulation of sterols in the joints.
• Hematological abnormalities: Some individuals may experience anemia or other blood-related issues.

Treatment of Sitosterolemia

Managing sitosterolemia involves a combination of dietary modifications and medication. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of plant sterols in the blood and prevent complications such as atherosclerosis.

Dietary Modifications

Individuals with sitosterolemia are advised to follow a diet low in plant sterols. This involves avoiding foods high in plant sterols, such as certain vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and fortified foods. A healthcare provider or dietitian can provide guidance on creating a suitable meal plan.

Medicamentos

Several medications can help manage sitosterolemia by reducing the absorption of plant sterols and cholesterol. These include:

• Ezetimiba: This medication works by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol and plant sterols in the intestine, thereby reducing their levels in the blood.
• Rosuvastatina: A statin that helps lower cholesterol levels and may be used in conjunction with other treatments.
• Crestor: Another statin that can aid in managing cholesterol levels.
• Lipitor: This statin is also used to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

These medications are available for purchase through our pharmacy, providing a convenient option for managing sitosterolemia.

Prevention of Sitosterolemia

Since sitosterolemia is a genetic disorder, it cannot be prevented. However, early diagnosis and management are crucial in preventing complications. Genetic counseling may be beneficial for families with a history of the condition, as it can provide information on the risks of passing the disorder to offspring and discuss potential testing options.

In conclusion, sitosterolemia is a rare but serious condition that requires careful management to prevent complications. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options, individuals with sitosterolemia can take proactive steps to manage their health effectively. Our pharmacy offers a range of medications to support the treatment of sitosterolemia, ensuring that patients have access to the necessary resources for managing this condition.